The On-Line Encyclopedia of Bongard Problems

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Graph contains a "loop" a.k.a. cycle (cyclic) versus graph is acyclic.

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	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP783 BP784 BP785 BP786 BP787 * BP789 BP790 BP791 BP792 BP793`
	KEYWORD	`nice, precise, allsorted, math, traditional, preciseworld`
	CONCEPT	`graph (info \| search),` `distinguishing_crossing_curves (info \| search),` `loop (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`connected_graph [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

Four regions vs. less than four regions enclosed by straight lines

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	COMMENTS	`All examples in this Problem are a number of (possibly overlapping) straight lines.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP771 BP772 BP773 BP774 BP775 * BP777 BP778 BP779 BP780 BP781`
	WORLD	`segments_cross [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Finn Collins`

Vertices may be partitioned into two sets such that no two vertices in the same set are connected versus not so.

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	COMMENTS	`Left examples are called "bipartite graphs."`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP571 BP572 BP573 BP574 BP575 * BP577 BP578 BP579 BP580 BP581`
	KEYWORD	`precise, allsorted, notso, math, traditional, preciseworld`
	CONCEPT	`graph (info \| search),` `distinguishing_crossing_curves (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`graph [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

Shape outlines that aren't triangles vs. black shapes that aren't squares.

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	COMMENTS	`An example of an overriddensolution.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP565 BP566 BP567 BP568 BP569 * BP571 BP572 BP573 BP574 BP575`
	KEYWORD	`less, example, overriddensolution, experimental, funny, neither`
	WORLD	`outline_or_fill_shape [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

Triangular number of dots vs. non-triangular number of dots

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	COMMENTS	`All examples in this Problem are groups of black dots.` `The nth triangular number is the sum over the natural numbers from 1 to n, where n > 0. Note: 0 is the 0th triangular number. The first few triangular numbers are 0, 1, 3 (= 1+2) and 6 (= 1+2+3)`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP564 BP565 BP566 BP567 BP568 * BP570 BP571 BP572 BP573 BP574`
	KEYWORD	`nice, precise, allsorted, notso, number, math, left-narrow, left-null, help, preciseworld`
	WORLD	`dots [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Leo Crabbe`

Discrete points intersecting boundary of convex hull vs. connected segment intersecting boundary of convex hull

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	COMMENTS	`If a "string" is wound tightly around the shape, does one of its segments lie directly on the shape?` `All examples in this Problem are connected line segments or curves.` `We are taking lines here to be infinitely thin, so that if the boundary of the convex hull intersects the endpoint of a line exactly it is understood that they meet at 1 point.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP559 BP560 BP561 BP562 BP563 * BP565 BP566 BP567 BP568 BP569`
	EXAMPLE	`Imagine wrapping a string around the pointed star. This string would take the shape of the boundary of the star's convex hull (a regular pentagon), and would only touch the star at the end of each of its 5 individual tips, therefore the star belongs on the left.`
	KEYWORD	`hard, nice, allsorted, solved, perfect`
	AUTHOR	`Leo Crabbe`

There exists a closed trail that hits each vertex exactly once vs. not so.

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	COMMENTS	`Left examples are called "Hamiltonian graphs."`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP557 BP558 BP559 BP560 BP561 * BP563 BP564 BP565 BP566 BP567`
	KEYWORD	`math, traditional`
	CONCEPT	`graph (info \| search),` `distinguishing_crossing_curves (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`connected_graph [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

There exists a closed trail that hits each edge exactly once vs. not so.

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	COMMENTS	`Left examples are called "Eulerian graphs."` `A connected graph is Eulerian if and only if each vertex is incident to an even number of edges.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP555 BP556 BP557 BP558 BP559 * BP561 BP562 BP563 BP564 BP565`
	KEYWORD	`precise, allsorted, math, traditional, preciseworld`
	CONCEPT	`graph (info \| search),` `distinguishing_crossing_curves (info \| search),` `all (info \| search),` `even_odd (info \| search),` `existence (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`connected_graph [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

Cross section of a cube vs. not cross section of a cube

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	COMMENTS	`All examples are solid black shapes.` `This problem is absurdly hard. It makes a good extreme example. - Aaron David Fairbanks, Nov 23 2020`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP554 BP555 BP556 BP557 BP558 * BP560 BP561 BP562 BP563 BP564`
	KEYWORD	`hard, precise, allsorted, notso, stretch, challenge, left-narrow, perfect`
	CONCEPT	`cube (info \| search),` `cross_section (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`fill_shape [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Leo Crabbe`

Point sequence that is increasing or decreasing in height vs. point sequence that alternates in height

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	COMMENTS	`All examples in this Problem are groups of 3 dots.` `Any example where 2 adjacent dots have the same height would be ambiguously sorted.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP553 BP554 BP555 BP556 BP557 * BP559 BP560 BP561 BP562 BP563`
	EXAMPLE	`Reading from right to left in the first box on the left hand side: the 2nd dot is higher than the 1st, and the 3rd is higher than the 2nd, so the sequence of dots is strictly increasing in height.`
	KEYWORD	`nice, precise, antihuman, orderedtriplet, preciseworld`
	CONCEPT	`coordinate (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`three_points [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Leo Crabbe`

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