The On-Line Encyclopedia of Bongard Problems

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Empty image vs. non-empty image.

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	COMMENTS	`The first Bongard Problem.` `All examples in this Bongard Problem are line drawings (one or more connected figures made up of curved and non-curved lines).`
	REFERENCE	`M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 214.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: * BP2 BP3 BP4 BP5 BP6`
	EXAMPLE	`A circle fits on the right because it is not nothing.`
	KEYWORD	`easy, nice, precise, allsorted, unstable, world, left-narrow, left-finite, left-full, left-null, perfect, pixelperfect, finished, traditional, stableworld, deformstable, bongard`
	CONCEPT	`empty (info \| search),` `existence (info \| search),` `zero (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`zoom in left (blank_image) \| zoom in right (curves_drawing)`
	AUTHOR	`Mikhail M. Bongard`

Big vs. small.

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	COMMENTS	`The meaning of "big" left intentionally vague. There are various specific ways to define size, such as diameter, minimum distance between points on edge, and size of smallest bounding circle.` `All examples in this Bongard Problem are single simple shapes, either outlines or solid black.` `All examples on the same side are approximately the same size.`
	REFERENCE	`M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 214.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP1 * BP3 BP4 BP5 BP6 BP7`
	KEYWORD	`easy, nice, fuzzy, spectrum, size, stable, finished, traditional, continuous, bongard`
	CONCEPT	`size (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`outline_or_fill_shape [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Mikhail M. Bongard`

Hollow outline vs. filled in solid.

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	COMMENTS	`All examples in this Bongard Problem are single simple shapes.`
	REFERENCE	`M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 214.`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP1 BP2 * BP4 BP5 BP6 BP7 BP8`
	KEYWORD	`easy, nice, precise, allsorted, world, gap, finished, traditional, preciseworld, bongard`
	CONCEPT	`outlined_filled (info \| search),` `texture (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`outline_or_fill_shape [smaller \| same \| bigger] zoom in left (shape_outline) \| zoom in right (fill_shape)`
	AUTHOR	`Mikhail M. Bongard`

Three identical elements vs. four identical elements.

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	REFERENCE	`M. M. Bongard, Pattern Recognition, Spartan Books, 1970, p. 244.`
	CROSSREFS	`BP1226 is "three identical elements vs. other number of identical elements".` `Adjacent-numbered pages: BP86 BP87 BP88 BP89 BP90 * BP92 BP93 BP94 BP95 BP96`
	KEYWORD	`number, ignoreimperfections, finished, traditional, bongard`
	CONCEPT	`indentation (info \| search),` `on_line_or_curve (info \| search),` `number (info \| search),` `protrusion (info \| search),` `separation_of_joined_objects (info \| search),` `same (info \| search),` `three (info \| search),` `four (info \| search)`
	WORLD	`curves_and_fill_shapes_drawing [smaller \| same \| bigger]`
	AUTHOR	`Mikhail M. Bongard`

Three identical elements vs. other number of identical elements.

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	COMMENTS	`Based on BP91, which is the same, except for that the right side is "four identical elements".`
	CROSSREFS	`Adjacent-numbered pages: BP1221 BP1222 BP1223 BP1224 BP1225 * BP1227 BP1228 BP1229 BP1230 BP1231`
	KEYWORD	`stub, arbitrary, number, traditional`
	CONCEPT	`number (info \| search),` `three (info \| search)`
	AUTHOR	`Aaron David Fairbanks`

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